Thailand
Where every meal is a festival and every sunset is a postcard!
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Thailand, a jewel of Southeast Asia, is a land of vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and mouthwatering cuisine. From the bustling streets of Bangkok, where the aroma of street food wafts through the air, to the serene beaches of Phuket and the ancient ruins of Ayutthaya, Thailand offers a kaleidoscope of experiences that captivate the senses. With its warm hospitality, rich traditions, and breathtaking natural beauty, this country is a paradise for travelers seeking adventure, relaxation, and cultural immersion.

Quick Facts

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When to Visit

Thailand enjoys a tropical climate, with three distinct seasons: the cool season from November to February, the hot season from March to May, and the rainy season from June to October. The best time to visit is during the cool season when temperatures are pleasant and ideal for exploring the country's rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes. However, each region has its own charm, making it worthwhile to visit year-round depending on your interests.

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Public Holidays

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Holidays in 2025

Date Holiday Name Description Fixed Date
Wed 1 Jan New Year's Day Celebration of the first day of the Gregorian calendar year. Yes
Mon 13 Jan King Bhumibol Memorial Day Commemoration of the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej's contributions to the country. Yes
Mon 10 Feb Makha Bucha Buddhist holiday commemorating the teachings of the Buddha and the gathering of his disciples. No
Sun 6 Apr Chakri Memorial Day Honoring the founding of the Chakri dynasty, which has ruled Thailand since 1782. Yes
Sun 13 Apr Songkran Festival Thai New Year festival celebrated with water fights and cultural traditions. No
Mon 14 Apr Songkran Festival Continuation of the Thai New Year celebrations with various cultural activities. No
Tue 15 Apr Songkran Festival Final day of the Songkran celebrations, focusing on family and merit-making. No
Thu 1 May Labor Day A day to honor workers and their contributions to society. Yes
Mon 5 May Coronation Day Celebration of the coronation of the current King of Thailand. Yes
Tue 3 Jun Visakha Bucha Buddhist holiday marking the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha. No
Mon 28 Jul King Maha Vajiralongkorn's Birthday Celebration of the birthday of the current King of Thailand. Yes
Tue 12 Aug Queen's Birthday Celebration of the birthday of the Queen Mother of Thailand. Yes
Mon 13 Oct King Bhumibol Memorial Day A day to honor the memory of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. Yes
Thu 23 Oct Chulalongkorn Day Commemoration of King Chulalongkorn's contributions to Thailand. Yes
Fri 5 Dec King Bhumibol's Birthday Celebration of the birthday of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. Yes
Wed 10 Dec Constitution Day Celebration of the adoption of Thailand's first constitution in 1932. Yes
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Holidays in 2026

Date Holiday Name Description Fixed Date
Thu 1 Jan New Year's Day Celebration of the first day of the Gregorian calendar year. Yes
Tue 13 Jan King Bhumibol Memorial Day Commemoration of the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej's contributions to the country. Yes
Tue 10 Feb Makha Bucha Buddhist holiday commemorating the teachings of the Buddha and the gathering of his disciples. No
Mon 6 Apr Chakri Memorial Day Honoring the founding of the Chakri dynasty, which has ruled Thailand since 1782. Yes
Mon 13 Apr Songkran Festival Thai New Year festival celebrated with water fights and cultural traditions. No
Tue 14 Apr Songkran Festival Continuation of the Thai New Year celebrations with various cultural activities. No
Wed 15 Apr Songkran Festival Final day of the Songkran celebrations, focusing on family and merit-making. No
Fri 1 May Labor Day A day to honor workers and their contributions to society. Yes
Tue 5 May Coronation Day Celebration of the coronation of the current King of Thailand. Yes
Wed 3 Jun Visakha Bucha Buddhist holiday marking the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha. No
Tue 28 Jul King Maha Vajiralongkorn's Birthday Celebration of the birthday of the current King of Thailand. Yes
Wed 12 Aug Queen's Birthday Celebration of the birthday of the Queen Mother of Thailand. Yes
Tue 13 Oct King Bhumibol Memorial Day A day to honor the memory of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. Yes
Fri 23 Oct Chulalongkorn Day Commemoration of King Chulalongkorn's contributions to Thailand. Yes
Sat 5 Dec King Bhumibol's Birthday Celebration of the birthday of King Bhumibol Adulyadej. Yes
Thu 10 Dec Constitution Day Celebration of the adoption of Thailand's first constitution in 1932. Yes
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Climate Zones

Central and Eastern Thailand - Tropical savanna climate

The tropical savanna climate features high temperatures year-round with a pronounced dry season. Expect warm weather and vibrant landscapes, especially during the rainy season.

Area covered: This climate zone covers much of Central and Eastern Thailand, including major cities like Bangkok and Nakhon Ratchasima. It is characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons, with lush vegetation during the rainy season.

Rainy Season: The rainy season lasts from May to October, with heavy rainfall and thunderstorms, particularly in September and October.

Dry Season: The dry season occurs from November to April, with lower humidity and minimal rainfall, making it ideal for outdoor activities.

Adverse Weather Season: Monsoon rains can lead to flooding, particularly in September and October, with occasional tropical storms affecting coastal areas.

Northern Thailand - Humid subtropical climate

The humid subtropical climate has hot summers and mild winters, with a significant amount of rainfall during the monsoon season. It is ideal for exploring mountainous regions and cultural sites.

Area covered: This climate zone is found in Northern Thailand, including cities like Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai. It features cooler temperatures and a more pronounced winter season compared to the rest of the country.

Rainy Season: The rainy season runs from May to October, with the heaviest rainfall typically in August and September.

Dry Season: The dry season lasts from November to April, with cooler temperatures, especially in December and January.

Adverse Weather Season: Occasional flooding can occur during the monsoon season, particularly in August and September.

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Geography Topology

Water Bodies and Lakes

  • Chao Phraya River: The lifeblood of Thailand, this river flows through the heart of Bangkok and is lined with vibrant markets and historical sites.
    Location: Central Thailand
    Length: 372 km
    Maximum Width: 1 km
    Average Depth: 5 m
    Type: river
    Major Activities: Boat tours, fishing, riverside dining.
  • Lake Nong Han: The largest freshwater lake in northeastern Thailand, known for its rich biodiversity and scenic beauty.
    Location: Sakon Nakhon Province
    Area: 25 km²
    Length: 15 km
    Maximum Width: 5 km
    Average Depth: 2 m
    Volume: 0.05 km³
    Type: lake
    Major Activities: Bird watching, fishing, and photography.

Islands

  • Phuket: Thailand's largest island, famous for its stunning beaches, vibrant nightlife, and rich cultural heritage.
    Location: Andaman Sea
    Area: 576 km²
    Highest Point: Khao Phra Thaeo
    Major Attractions: Patong Beach, Big Buddha, Phi Phi Islands tours.
    Accessibility: Accessible by air and ferry.
  • Koh Samui: A tropical paradise known for its palm-fringed beaches, luxury resorts, and lively nightlife.
    Location: Gulf of Thailand
    Area: 228.7 km²
    Highest Point: Khao Pom
    Major Attractions: Chaweng Beach, Ang Thong National Marine Park, Wat Plai Laem.
    Accessibility: Accessible by air and ferry.

Mountain Ranges

  • Tenasserim Hills: A mountain range that stretches along the border with Myanmar, rich in biodiversity and home to many national parks.
    Location: Southern Thailand
    Length: 900 km
    Width: 50 km
    Maximum Elevation: 1980 m
    Highest Peak: Khao Luang
    Type: mountain range
    Popular Trails: Various trekking routes in Khao Sok National Park.
  • Doi Inthanon: The highest mountain in Thailand, known for its cool climate, lush forests, and stunning waterfalls.
    Location: Chiang Mai Province
    Length: 70 km
    Width: 30 km
    Maximum Elevation: 2565 m
    Highest Peak: Doi Inthanon
    Type: mountain
    Popular Trails: Nature trails around the summit and waterfalls.
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Tourist Regions

Central Thailand

Largest City: Bangkok

Coordinates: 13.7563, 100.5167

Description: Central Thailand is the heart of the country, where the vibrant capital city of Bangkok pulsates with life. This region is a blend of modernity and tradition, showcasing Thailand's rich history through its ancient temples, royal palaces, and bustling markets. The Chao Phraya River flows through the region, providing a scenic backdrop for many attractions. Central Thailand is also home to Ayutthaya, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which was once the capital of the Kingdom of Siam. The region's culture is deeply influenced by Buddhism, evident in the numerous temples and festivals celebrated throughout the year. Visitors can experience the lively street food scene, traditional Thai dance performances, and the warm hospitality of the locals. The region is also known for its vibrant nightlife, shopping districts, and cultural events, making it a must-visit for any traveler seeking to immerse themselves in Thai culture.

Attractions
  • Grand Palace: The Grand Palace is a stunning architectural marvel that served as the official residence of the Kings of Siam. Built in 1782, this complex is a symbol of Thailand's rich history and culture. Visitors can explore the intricate details of the buildings, including the Emerald Buddha Temple, which houses the revered Emerald Buddha statue. The palace grounds are adorned with beautiful gardens and impressive structures, making it a photographer's paradise. It's advisable to dress modestly when visiting, as a strict dress code is enforced. The Grand Palace is a must-see for history buffs and those interested in Thai royal heritage.
  • Wat Pho: Wat Pho, also known as the Temple of the Reclining Buddha, is one of the oldest and largest temples in Bangkok. The temple is famous for its massive reclining Buddha statue, which measures 46 meters long and is covered in gold leaf. Wat Pho is also considered the birthplace of traditional Thai massage, and visitors can enjoy a relaxing massage at the temple's massage school. The intricate murals and chedis (stupas) surrounding the temple add to its charm. A visit to Wat Pho is perfect for those interested in spirituality, art, and wellness.
  • Ayutthaya Historical Park: Ayutthaya Historical Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that showcases the ruins of the ancient city of Ayutthaya, which was the capital of the Kingdom of Siam from the 14th to the 18th centuries. The park is home to impressive temples, palaces, and statues that reflect the grandeur of the past. Visitors can explore the iconic Wat Mahathat, known for the Buddha head entwined in tree roots, and Wat Phra Si Sanphet, the most important temple in the city. Renting a bicycle to explore the park is a popular option, allowing tourists to soak in the historical atmosphere at their own pace.
  • Chatuchak Weekend Market: Chatuchak Weekend Market is one of the largest markets in the world, offering a unique shopping experience for visitors. With over 15,000 stalls, the market sells everything from clothing and accessories to antiques and street food. It's a great place to find unique souvenirs and experience the local culture. The market is bustling with energy, and visitors can enjoy delicious Thai street food while shopping. It's advisable to visit early in the morning to avoid the heat and crowds. Chatuchak is perfect for those who love shopping and want to experience the local lifestyle.
  • Jim Thompson House: The Jim Thompson House is a museum dedicated to the American businessman who helped revitalize the Thai silk industry in the 1950s. The house is a beautiful example of traditional Thai architecture and is surrounded by lush gardens. Visitors can take guided tours to learn about Jim Thompson's life, his contributions to Thai culture, and the art of silk weaving. The museum also features a collection of Southeast Asian art and antiques. This attraction is ideal for those interested in art, history, and the cultural significance of silk in Thailand.
  • Khao San Road: Khao San Road is a famous backpacker hub known for its vibrant nightlife, street food, and budget accommodations. The street is lined with bars, restaurants, and shops, making it a lively place to socialize and meet fellow travelers. Visitors can enjoy live music, street performances, and a variety of international cuisines. Khao San Road is perfect for young travelers and those looking for a fun and energetic atmosphere. It's also a great starting point for exploring other parts of Bangkok.
  • Lumpini Park: Lumpini Park is a serene oasis in the heart of Bangkok, offering a peaceful escape from the bustling city. The park features beautiful gardens, walking paths, and a large lake where visitors can rent paddle boats. It's a popular spot for locals to exercise, practice tai chi, or enjoy a picnic. The park is also home to various events and festivals throughout the year. Lumpini Park is ideal for families, nature lovers, and anyone looking to relax amidst the urban landscape.
  • Siam Paragon: Siam Paragon is a luxury shopping mall that offers a wide range of high-end brands, gourmet dining, and entertainment options. The mall features an impressive aquarium, a cinema, and a variety of international restaurants. Visitors can indulge in shopping for designer goods or enjoy a meal at one of the many eateries. Siam Paragon is perfect for those who enjoy shopping and want to experience the modern side of Bangkok.
  • Erawan Shrine: The Erawan Shrine is a famous Hindu shrine located in the heart of Bangkok. It is dedicated to the Hindu god Brahma and is known for its beautiful statue and traditional Thai dance performances. Visitors can witness locals and tourists alike making offerings and praying for good fortune. The shrine is a cultural landmark and offers a glimpse into the spiritual practices of the Thai people. It's a must-visit for those interested in religion and local customs.
  • Bangkok Art and Culture Centre (BACC): The Bangkok Art and Culture Centre is a contemporary art museum that showcases the work of local and international artists. The center hosts rotating exhibitions, performances, and workshops, making it a hub for creativity and cultural exchange. Visitors can explore the various galleries and enjoy the vibrant art scene in Bangkok. BACC is perfect for art enthusiasts and those looking to engage with the local creative community.
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Visa Requirements

Country Tourist Visa Required Visa on Arrival E-Visa Available Visa Organized in Advance
Australia Yes Yes Yes Yes
Canada Yes Yes Yes Yes
China Yes Yes Yes Yes
Egypt Yes Yes Yes Yes
France Yes Yes Yes Yes
Germany Yes Yes Yes Yes
India Yes Yes Yes Yes
Italy Yes Yes Yes Yes
Japan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Mexico Yes Yes Yes Yes
New Zealand Yes Yes Yes Yes
Poland Yes Yes Yes Yes
South Korea Yes Yes Yes Yes
Spain Yes Yes Yes Yes
Turkey Yes Yes Yes Yes
United Kingdom Yes Yes Yes Yes
United States Yes Yes Yes Yes
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Travel Advice

Crime: Thailand has a moderate crime rate, with petty crime such as pickpocketing and bag snatching being common in tourist areas. Travelers are advised to remain vigilant, especially in crowded places and to avoid displaying valuables. In some areas, particularly in Bangkok and tourist hotspots, scams targeting tourists can occur. It is recommended to use reputable transportation services and be cautious when accepting offers from strangers.

Terrorism: There is a risk of terrorism in Thailand, particularly in the southern provinces of Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat, and Songkhla, where there have been incidents of violence. Travelers are advised to avoid these areas and stay informed about the local security situation. In major cities like Bangkok, while the risk is lower, travelers should remain alert to their surroundings and avoid large gatherings or demonstrations.

Natural Hazards: Thailand is prone to natural hazards such as flooding, especially during the monsoon season from May to October. Travelers should monitor weather reports and heed local advice regarding travel during heavy rains. Additionally, the country is in a seismically active region, and while major earthquakes are rare, travelers should be aware of safety procedures in case of an earthquake.

LGBTQ+ Travelers: LGBTQ+ travelers generally find Thailand to be welcoming, particularly in urban areas like Bangkok and tourist destinations such as Phuket and Chiang Mai. However, legal protections are limited, and public displays of affection may attract unwanted attention. It is advisable to be discreet in rural areas where social attitudes may be more conservative.

Solo Travelers: Solo travelers, especially women, should exercise caution in Thailand. While many areas are safe, it is advisable to avoid walking alone at night in less populated areas and to be cautious when accepting invitations from strangers. Using reputable transportation and staying in well-reviewed accommodations can enhance safety.

UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Summary: Travel to Thailand is generally safe, but caution is advised in certain areas.

General Advice: Take normal precautions

Area Reason Level
Southern Thailand (specifically Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat) Ongoing violence and insurgency activities high
View official travel advice on UK FCDO website

Disclaimer: Travel advice might be out of date. Please check the official UK FCDO website for the latest information.

US Department of State

Summary: Thailand is generally safe for travel, but some areas require caution.

General Advice: Level 2: Exercise Increased Caution

Area Reason Level
Southern Thailand (Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat) Risk of violence and terrorism medium
View official travel advice on US Department of State website

Disclaimer: Travel advice might be out of date. Please check the official US Department of State website for the latest information.

Canada Advice

Summary: Travel to Thailand is generally safe, but caution is advised in certain regions.

General Advice: Exercise a high degree of caution

Area Reason Level
Southern Thailand (Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat) Ongoing violence and insurgency activities high
View official travel advice on Canada Advice website

Disclaimer: Travel advice might be out of date. Please check the official Canada Advice website for the latest information.

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Getting There

Explore direct flights to Thailand from various international airports. The table below shows which source airports connect to which destinations in Thailand.

Number of major airports served internationally: 1

Destinations airports in Thailand
International
Airport
BKK
DXB
LHR
ORD
LAX
CDG
IST
AMS
FRA
ICN
SIN
HKG
BKK
KUL
PVG
NRT
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