Mongolia
Where the grasslands whisper secrets of the past!
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Mongolia, a land of vast steppes, towering mountains, and rich nomadic culture, invites adventurers to explore its breathtaking landscapes and vibrant traditions. From the iconic Gobi Desert to the serene shores of Lake Khövsgöl, this country offers a unique blend of natural beauty and historical intrigue. Experience the warmth of Mongolian hospitality, taste the flavors of traditional cuisine, and immerse yourself in the age-old customs of the nomadic lifestyle. Whether you're riding horseback across the endless plains or marveling at the ancient petroglyphs, Mongolia promises an unforgettable journey into the heart of Central Asia.

Quick Facts

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When to Visit

Mongolia experiences a continental climate with four distinct seasons. The best time to visit is during the summer months from June to August when temperatures are mild and the landscapes are lush and vibrant. Spring (April to May) and autumn (September to October) are also great for exploring, offering pleasant weather and fewer tourists. Winter (November to March) can be extremely cold, but it is a magical time to witness the stunning snowy landscapes and partake in winter festivals.

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Public Holidays

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Holidays in 2025

Date Holiday Name Description Fixed Date
Wed 1 Jan New Year's Day Celebration of the first day of the Gregorian calendar year. Yes
Sat 8 Mar International Women's Day A day to celebrate women's achievements and promote gender equality. Yes
Sat 26 Apr Naadam Festival A traditional festival celebrating the 'Three Manly Games' of wrestling, horse racing, and archery. No
Thu 1 May Labor Day A day to honor workers and their contributions to society. Yes
Sun 1 Jun Children's Day A day dedicated to celebrating children and their rights. Yes
Fri 11 Jul Naadam Festival Continuation of the Naadam Festival, celebrating Mongolian culture and sports. Yes
Tue 30 Sep Mongolian Independence Day Celebration of Mongolia's independence from foreign rule. Yes
Wed 26 Nov National Revival Day Commemoration of the Mongolian National Revival and cultural heritage. Yes
Mon 29 Dec New Year's Eve Celebration of the last day of the year, welcoming the new year. Yes
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Holidays in 2026

Date Holiday Name Description Fixed Date
Thu 1 Jan New Year's Day Celebration of the first day of the Gregorian calendar year. Yes
Sun 8 Mar International Women's Day A day to celebrate women's achievements and promote gender equality. Yes
Sun 26 Apr Naadam Festival A traditional festival celebrating the 'Three Manly Games' of wrestling, horse racing, and archery. No
Fri 1 May Labor Day A day to honor workers and their contributions to society. Yes
Mon 1 Jun Children's Day A day dedicated to celebrating children and their rights. Yes
Sat 11 Jul Naadam Festival Continuation of the Naadam Festival, celebrating Mongolian culture and sports. Yes
Wed 30 Sep Mongolian Independence Day Celebration of Mongolia's independence from foreign rule. Yes
Thu 26 Nov National Revival Day Commemoration of the Mongolian National Revival and cultural heritage. Yes
Tue 29 Dec New Year's Eve Celebration of the last day of the year, welcoming the new year. Yes
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Climate Zones

Central and eastern Mongolia - Hot-summer continental climate

Characterized by hot summers and cold winters, this climate zone experiences a wide range of temperatures. Summer temperatures can reach above 30°C, while winter temperatures can drop below -30°C.

Area covered: This climate zone covers the central and eastern parts of Mongolia, including the capital city Ulaanbaatar. It features hot summers and cold winters, with significant temperature variations throughout the year.

Rainy Season: The rainy season typically occurs from June to August, with moderate rainfall, especially in July.

Dry Season: The dry season lasts from September to May, with very little precipitation and cold temperatures.

Adverse Weather Season: Severe winter conditions can occur from November to March, with blizzards and extreme cold.

Snow Season: Snow season generally lasts from November to April, with the heaviest snowfall in December and January.

Northern Mongolia - Warm-summer continental climate

This zone has warm summers and cold winters, with less temperature variation than the Dsa zone. Summer temperatures can reach around 25°C, while winter temperatures can drop to -25°C.

Area covered: This climate zone is found in the northern regions of Mongolia, including areas near the Russian border. It features milder summers compared to the southern regions.

Rainy Season: The rainy season occurs from June to August, with moderate rainfall, peaking in July.

Dry Season: The dry season lasts from September to May, with very little precipitation and cold temperatures.

Adverse Weather Season: Winter storms can occur from November to March, bringing heavy snow and cold temperatures.

Snow Season: Snow season typically lasts from November to April, with significant snowfall in December and January.

Western Mongolia - Cold semi-arid climate

This zone features cold winters and dry conditions, with summer temperatures reaching around 20°C and winter temperatures dropping to -20°C.

Area covered: This climate zone is found in the western regions of Mongolia, characterized by low precipitation and cold temperatures.

Rainy Season: Rainfall is minimal throughout the year, with slightly higher precipitation in summer months.

Dry Season: The dry season is prevalent, with very low precipitation year-round.

Adverse Weather Season: Winter can bring severe cold and occasional snowstorms from November to March.

Snow Season: Snowfall is limited, typically occurring from December to March, with light accumulation.

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Geography Topology

Water Bodies and Lakes

  • Lake Khövsgöl: One of the largest freshwater lakes in Mongolia, known for its stunning blue waters and surrounded by mountains.
    Location: Northern Mongolia, near the Russian border.
    Area: 2760 km²
    Length: 136 km
    Maximum Width: 36 km
    Average Depth: 20 m
    Volume: 0.58 km³
    Type: lake
    Major Activities: Hiking, boating, fishing, and camping.
  • Lake Uvs: The largest lake in Mongolia, part of a UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its unique ecosystem.
    Location: Western Mongolia, bordering Russia.
    Area: 3350 km²
    Length: 84 km
    Maximum Width: 77 km
    Average Depth: 4 m
    Volume: 0.014 km³
    Type: lake
    Major Activities: Birdwatching, photography, and exploring the surrounding steppe.
  • Orkhon River: A significant river in Mongolia, flowing through the central part of the country, known for its historical significance.
    Location: Central Mongolia, flowing through the Orkhon Valley.
    Length: 112 km
    Type: river
    Major Activities: Rafting, fishing, and exploring historical sites along the river.

Mountain Ranges

  • Altai Mountains: A majestic mountain range in western Mongolia, known for its rugged terrain and diverse wildlife.
    Location: Western Mongolia, extending into China and Russia.
    Area: 100000 km²
    Length: 600 km
    Width: 200 km
    Maximum Elevation: 4374 m
    Highest Peak: Khuiten Peak
    Type: mountain range
    Popular Trails: The Altai Tavan Bogd National Park trails offer breathtaking views and challenging hikes.
  • Khangai Mountains: A mountain range in central Mongolia, characterized by lush forests and alpine meadows.
    Location: Central Mongolia.
    Area: 50000 km²
    Length: 400 km
    Width: 100 km
    Maximum Elevation: 4037 m
    Highest Peak: Munkh Khairkhan
    Type: mountain range
    Popular Trails: The Khangai Mountains are known for their scenic trails and hot springs.
  • Khentii Mountains: A historical mountain range in northeastern Mongolia, rich in flora and fauna, and the birthplace of Genghis Khan.
    Location: Northeastern Mongolia.
    Area: 30000 km²
    Length: 300 km
    Width: 100 km
    Maximum Elevation: 2800 m
    Highest Peak: Burkan Khaldun
    Type: mountain range
    Popular Trails: Trails leading to the sacred Burkan Khaldun peak are popular among trekkers.

Deserts

  • Gobi Desert: One of the largest deserts in the world, known for its unique landscapes and rich fossil finds.
    Location: Southern Mongolia, extending into China.
    Area: 1300000 km²
    Type: sand desert
    Unique Features: Home to the rare Bactrian camel and the famous Flaming Cliffs, known for dinosaur fossils.
    Climate: Extreme temperature variations, with hot summers and cold winters.
    Best Visit Time: Late spring to early autumn for the best weather.
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Tourist Regions

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Visa Requirements

Country Tourist Visa Required Visa on Arrival E-Visa Available Visa Organized in Advance
Australia Yes Yes Yes Yes
Canada Yes Yes Yes Yes
China Yes Yes Yes Yes
Egypt Yes Yes Yes Yes
France Yes Yes Yes Yes
Germany Yes Yes Yes Yes
India Yes Yes Yes Yes
Italy Yes Yes Yes Yes
Japan Yes Yes Yes Yes
Mexico Yes Yes Yes Yes
New Zealand Yes Yes Yes Yes
Poland Yes Yes Yes Yes
South Korea Yes Yes Yes Yes
Spain Yes Yes Yes Yes
Turkey Yes Yes Yes Yes
United Kingdom Yes Yes Yes Yes
United States Yes Yes Yes Yes
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Travel Advice

Crime: Mongolia has a moderate crime rate, with petty crime such as pickpocketing and bag snatching being common in urban areas, particularly in Ulaanbaatar. Travelers are advised to remain vigilant, avoid displaying valuables, and use reputable transportation services. It is also recommended to avoid walking alone at night in less populated areas.

Terrorism: The terrorism risk in Mongolia is low, but travelers should remain aware of their surroundings and stay informed about local news. There are no specific high-risk regions, but caution is advised in crowded places and during public events.

Natural Hazards: Mongolia is prone to natural hazards such as severe weather conditions, including harsh winters and occasional dust storms. Travelers should prepare for extreme temperatures and check weather forecasts before traveling. In rural areas, be cautious of potential landslides and flooding during the rainy season.

LGBTQ+ Travelers: LGBTQ+ travelers may face social stigma in Mongolia, as conservative attitudes prevail. While homosexuality is legal, public displays of affection may attract negative attention. It is advisable to exercise discretion and be aware of local customs and attitudes.

Solo Travelers: Solo travelers, particularly women, should take precautions when traveling in Mongolia. It is advisable to avoid isolated areas and to use trusted transportation options. Joining group tours can enhance safety and provide companionship. Always inform someone of your travel plans and stay connected.

UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Summary: Travel to Mongolia is generally safe, but caution is advised in certain areas.

General Advice: Take normal precautions

Area Reason Level
Western Mongolia Risk of civil unrest and limited access to emergency services. medium
View official travel advice on UK FCDO website

Disclaimer: Travel advice might be out of date. Please check the official UK FCDO website for the latest information.

US Department of State

Summary: Mongolia is generally safe for travel, but some areas require caution.

General Advice: Level 2: Exercise Increased Caution

Area Reason Level
Western Mongolia Potential for civil unrest and limited emergency services. medium
View official travel advice on US Department of State website

Disclaimer: Travel advice might be out of date. Please check the official US Department of State website for the latest information.

Canada Advice

Summary: Mongolia is generally safe, but travelers should exercise caution in certain regions.

General Advice: Exercise a high degree of caution

Area Reason Level
Western Mongolia Risk of civil unrest and limited access to emergency services. medium
View official travel advice on Canada Advice website

Disclaimer: Travel advice might be out of date. Please check the official Canada Advice website for the latest information.

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Getting There

Explore direct flights to Mongolia from various international airports. The table below shows which source airports connect to which destinations in Mongolia.

Number of major airports served internationally: 1

Destinations airports in Mongolia
International
Airport
ULN
ICN
PVG
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